Project pricing, for work with a defined end

Assessments

Where to start when you are not sure what to fix first. Fixed price, a written report in two to three weeks, and the report is yours to keep whether or not anything follows. Prices exclude VAT.

Customer Platform Assessment

£950

A current-state review of your customer platform, and a prioritised list of what to fix first, what it is worth fixing, and what your platform's AI features would be able to do once it is fixed.

We work across HubSpot, Pipedrive, ActiveCampaign and Workbooks, so the assessment reads the platform you already have rather than assuming a particular one. You keep the report either way.

The fee comes off your managed service in full if you start one within 60 days, so the assessment costs nothing if it leads where it usually leads.

• Data model health: properties, associations, lifecycle stages, duplicates and record ownership
• One revenue-critical process mapped end to end, with its owner, the context it needs, how a record moves and what marks it complete
• AI readiness: what the AI features in your platform would actually be able to read today, and what is missing before they are worth switching on
• On HubSpot, a Context Home completion score and remediation list; the equivalent context review on Pipedrive, ActiveCampaign and Workbooks
• Three to five agent and automation candidates, each with the data it depends on and an expected credit range
• Quick wins available within 30 days, the shape of a 90-day improvement programme where the findings need one, and a recommended managed service level
• A written report you keep, whether or not you go any further

AI Visibility Diagnostic

£750

Research before build. Whether your buyers use AI search at all, what they actually ask it, and where your brand is described inconsistently across the sources those engines read.

Stage one on its own. We do not quote the work that follows until this has established whether there is anything worth building, and in some markets the honest answer is not yet.

• Whether your buyers use AI search, evidenced from their behaviour rather than assumed from the headlines
• The prompts they really run, tested against ChatGPT, Perplexity, Google AI Overviews and Microsoft Copilot
• Where you appear in the answers, where a competitor appears instead, and where nobody does
• The sources those answers are drawn from, and which of them describe you wrongly, partially or not at all
• A consistency check across your own site, your CRM-published content, your directory entries and your third-party profiles
• A written report you keep, with a recommendation that may well be to do nothing yet

AI Agents

One agent, built where your CRM already lives, with a defined outcome, a credit ceiling and two weeks of measurement against it. We do not sell agent building by the hour, and we do not start before the data the agent would be reading has been checked.

Agent Pilot

£2,500, after the assessment

One agent, scoped to a single job it can be judged on. Built in HubSpot where you run HubSpot, and in Make where you run Pipedrive, ActiveCampaign or Workbooks.

You set the credit ceiling before anything starts, and we measure what it actually consumed against what it actually changed. If it does not earn its place, that is a finding, and it cost one fixed fee to get it.

• One agent, with the outcome it will be judged on agreed in writing before any building starts
• A credit ceiling you set, and the measured consumption against it
• Built in your own platform under your own account, so it does not leave when we do
• Its instructions, the knowledge it needs and the properties it depends on, documented and handed over
• A two-week measurement window against the baseline, rather than a demonstration
• A recommendation at the end, which may be to extend it, to change it or to stop

Pipedrive Setup Packages

Three project-price Pipedrive implementation plans, from one team getting started to a multi-team rollout. All prices exclude VAT.

Every session in a plan is counted, so the meetings are a known quantity rather than an open diary. Anything beyond the sessions listed is agreed as extra before it is booked, and anything larger or more unusual than the Bespoke plan is scoped in a full session first and priced from what that finds.

Implementation ends. The work after it does not, so a fourth automation, next quarter's reports or another integration is far better handled on the managed service retainer than bought one pack at a time. We recommend starting it the month a plan goes live.

Launch

£1,250

A working Pipedrive for a team selling through a process that is already reasonably settled.

• One business process and scoping session
• One technical scoping session
• Account setup, including company name and domain, lost reasons and activity types
• User configuration, invitations and permissions
• Up to 3 pipelines configured
• Custom field configuration, excluding calculated fields
• Up to 3 internal Pipedrive automations
• Up to 3 standard email templates
• One 1-hour training session, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and one project management meeting
• Internal project handover
• Six scheduled sessions across the whole project

Comprehensive

£3,500

Everything in Launch, then the reporting, permissions and automation depth a growing sales team needs.

• Everything in the Launch plan
• One business process and scoping session
• Two technical scoping sessions
• Account setup, including company name and domain, lost reasons and activity types
• User configuration, invitations and permissions, with visibility groups where they are needed
• Up to 6 pipelines configured
• Data field configuration: custom, calculated, important and required fields
• Up to 10 internal Pipedrive automations
• Up to 10 standard email templates
• Up to 6 custom reports and one shared dashboard
• Pipedrive Scheduler for the admin user, single event type, with one training session
• Three 1-hour training sessions, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and two project management meetings
• Internal project handover
• Eleven scheduled sessions across the whole project

Bespoke

£6,995

Ideal for bigger teams, where several departments each need their own pipelines, permissions and reporting.

• Everything in the Comprehensive plan
• Two business process and scoping sessions, covering every team that will use Pipedrive
• Up to 4 technical scoping sessions
• Up to 12 pipelines configured
• Multi-team user permissions and visibility group design
• Data field configuration across teams: custom, calculated, important and required fields
• Up to 20 internal Pipedrive automations
• Up to 20 standard email templates
• Up to 12 custom reports and up to 3 shared dashboards
• Pipedrive Scheduler for all users and multiple event types, with one training session
• Six 1-hour training sessions, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and four project management meetings
• Internal project handover
• Nineteen scheduled sessions across the whole project

Managed service

From £250 a month

Most of the real CRM work happens after go-live.

Updates, data maintenance, automation tweaks, new team members, changing processes. Buying hours for all of it is inefficient. A fixed monthly managed service covers it properly - and keeps the momentum going rather than waiting for the next project to be commissioned.

• Further Pipedrive automations, built and tested as the process changes
• Pipeline and deal stage changes as the way you sell moves on
• Custom, calculated, important and required field changes
• Standard and campaign email templates
• New reports and dashboards as the questions leaders ask change
• Pipedrive Scheduler rolled out beyond the admin user
• Forms, Live Chat and Chat Bot setup and playbooks
• Campaigns setup and template design
• SmartDocs configuration and templates
• Prospector setup and training
• User onboarding, permissions and visibility groups as the team grows
• Data import, mapping, cleaning and de-duplication
• Integrations with Xero, Slack, Microsoft 365, Google Workspace and the rest of your stack
• Technical troubleshooting, escalated to Pipedrive's own support where it needs to be
• Refresher training for new starters, and on the features you have not turned on yet
• Regular review of how Pipedrive is being used and what to change next

HubSpot Implementation Programmes

Three project-price HubSpot implementation plans, from one team getting started to a multi-team rollout. All prices exclude VAT.

Every session in a plan is counted, so the meetings are a known quantity rather than an open diary. Anything beyond the sessions listed is agreed as extra before it is booked, and anything larger or more unusual than the Bespoke plan is scoped in a full session first and priced from what that finds.

Implementation ends. The work after it does not, so a fourth workflow, next quarter's reports or another integration is far better handled on the managed service retainer than bought one piece at a time. We recommend starting it the month a plan goes live.

Launch

£1,995

A working HubSpot for a team selling through a process that is already reasonably settled.

• One business process and scoping session
• One technical scoping session
• Account setup, including company domain, lifecycle stages and lead statuses
• User configuration, invitations, teams and permissions
• Up to 3 deal pipelines configured, with their deal stages
• Custom property configuration, excluding calculated properties
• Up to 3 workflows
• Up to 3 email templates
• Up to 3 forms, with the follow-up behind them
• One 1-hour training session, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and one project management meeting
• Internal project handover
• Six scheduled sessions across the whole project

Comprehensive

£4,995

Everything in Launch, then the reporting, permissions and automation depth a growing sales team needs.

• Everything in the Launch plan
• One business process and scoping session
• Two technical scoping sessions
• Up to 6 deal pipelines configured, with their deal stages
• Property configuration: custom, calculated, required and conditional properties
• Up to 10 workflows
• Up to 10 email templates
• Up to 10 forms and the lists behind them
• Up to 6 custom reports and one shared dashboard
• Teams, permissions and visibility rules where they are needed
• HubSpot Meetings links for the team, with one training session
• Three 1-hour training sessions, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and two project management meetings
• Internal project handover
• Eleven scheduled sessions across the whole project

Bespoke

£9,995

Ideal for bigger teams, where several departments each need their own pipelines, permissions and reporting.

• Everything in the Comprehensive plan
• Two business process and scoping sessions, covering every team that will use HubSpot
• Up to 4 technical scoping sessions
• Up to 12 deal pipelines configured, with their deal stages
• Multi-team teams, permissions and visibility rules
• Property configuration across teams: custom, calculated, required and conditional properties
• Up to 20 workflows
• Up to 20 email templates
• Up to 20 forms and the lists behind them
• Up to 12 custom reports and up to 3 shared dashboards
• HubSpot Meetings links across all users, with one training session
• Six 1-hour training sessions, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and four project management meetings
• Internal project handover
• Nineteen scheduled sessions across the whole project

Managed service

From £250 a month

Most of the real CRM work happens after go-live.

Updates, data maintenance, automation tweaks, new team members, changing processes. Buying hours for all of it is inefficient. A fixed monthly managed service covers it properly - and keeps the momentum going rather than waiting for the next project to be commissioned.

• Further HubSpot workflows, built and tested as the process changes
• Deal pipeline and deal stage changes as the way you sell moves on
• Custom, calculated, required and conditional property changes
• Marketing and sales email templates
• New reports and dashboards as the questions leaders ask change
• HubSpot Meetings links rolled out beyond the admin user
• Forms, lists and the lead capture behind them
• Sequences and snippets for the sales team
• Lifecycle stage and lead status changes
• User onboarding, teams and permissions as the team grows
• Data import, mapping, cleaning and de-duplication
• Integrations with Xero, Slack, Microsoft 365, Google Workspace and the rest of your stack
• Technical troubleshooting, escalated to HubSpot's own support where it needs to be
• Refresher training for new starters, and on the features you have not turned on yet
• Regular review of how HubSpot is being used and what to change next

Workbooks CRM Packages

Three project-price Workbooks implementation plans, from one team getting started to a multi-team rollout. All prices exclude VAT.

Workbooks earns its place when what happens after the deal is signed matters as much as the deal, so these plans cover quotations, orders and invoicing alongside the pipeline. Where the fit is narrower than that, a sales CRM will do it for less and we will say so.

Every session in a plan is counted, so the meetings are a known quantity rather than an open diary. Anything beyond the sessions listed is agreed as extra before it is booked, and anything larger or more unusual than the Bespoke plan is scoped in a full session first and priced from what that finds.

Implementation ends. The work after it does not, so a fourth process, next quarter's reports or another finance integration is far better handled on the managed service retainer than bought one piece at a time. We recommend starting it the month a plan goes live.

Launch

£2,995

A working Workbooks for a business whose sales and order process is already reasonably settled.

• One business process and scoping session
• One technical scoping session
• Account setup, including company details, picklists and activity types
• User configuration, invitations and permissions
• Up to 3 sales pipelines configured, with their stages
• Custom field configuration, excluding calculated fields
• Quotation and order document templates
• Up to 3 process automations
• Up to 3 standard email templates
• One 1-hour training session, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and one project management meeting
• Internal project handover
• Six scheduled sessions across the whole project

Comprehensive

£7,500

Everything in Launch, then the order handling, invoicing and reporting depth a growing operation needs.

• Everything in the Launch plan
• One business process and scoping session
• Two technical scoping sessions
• Up to 6 sales pipelines configured, with their stages
• Field configuration: custom, calculated and required fields
• Quotation, order and invoice document templates
• Order handling and invoicing configured against your commercial process
• Up to 10 process automations
• Up to 10 standard email templates
• Up to 6 custom reports and one shared dashboard
• User permissions and record visibility rules where they are needed
• Three 1-hour training sessions, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and two project management meetings
• Internal project handover
• Eleven scheduled sessions across the whole project

Bespoke

£14,995

Ideal for bigger teams, where sales, delivery and finance each need their own processes, permissions and reporting.

• Everything in the Comprehensive plan
• Two business process and scoping sessions, covering every team that will use Workbooks
• Up to 4 technical scoping sessions
• Up to 12 sales pipelines configured, with their stages
• Multi-team permissions and record visibility rules
• Field configuration across teams: custom, calculated and required fields
• Order handling, invoicing and delivery tracking across departments
• Up to 20 process automations
• Up to 20 standard email templates
• Up to 12 custom reports and up to 3 shared dashboards
• One finance system integration, scoped and built
• Six 1-hour training sessions, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and four project management meetings
• Internal project handover
• Nineteen scheduled sessions across the whole project

Managed service

From £250 a month

Most of the real CRM work happens after go-live.

Updates, data maintenance, automation tweaks, new team members, changing processes. Buying hours for all of it is inefficient. A fixed monthly managed service covers it properly - and keeps the momentum going rather than waiting for the next project to be commissioned.

• Further process automations, built and tested as the operation changes
• Pipeline and stage changes as the way you sell moves on
• Custom, calculated and required field changes
• Quotation, order and invoice template changes
• New reports and dashboards as the questions leaders ask change
• Order handling and invoicing changes as the commercial process moves on
• User onboarding, permissions and record visibility as the team grows
• Data import, mapping, cleaning and de-duplication
• Integrations with Xero, Microsoft 365, Google Workspace and the finance systems either side of Workbooks
• Technical troubleshooting, escalated to Workbooks' own support where it needs to be
• Refresher training for new starters, and on the features you have not turned on yet
• Regular review of how Workbooks is being used and what to change next

Automation (Make, n8n, Zapier)

Three project-price automation plans, from a first set of workflows to automation running across departments. All prices exclude VAT.

The platform is chosen to fit the work rather than the other way round. Zapier suits straightforward connections between apps, Make handles branching and data handling that Zapier struggles with, and n8n is the one to reach for when the logic is complex, the data is sensitive or the volume makes per-task pricing painful. We will tell you which one your case wants, and say so if the answer is none of them.

Every session in a plan is counted, so the meetings are a known quantity rather than an open diary. Anything beyond the sessions listed is agreed as extra before it is booked, and anything larger than the Bespoke plan is scoped in a full session first and priced from what that finds.

Implementation ends. The work after it does not, and automations break quietly when the systems either side of them change, so ongoing cover belongs on the managed service retainer rather than being bought a fix at a time.

Launch

£1,495

A first set of automations, connecting the systems that are costing your team the most manual work.

• One business process and scoping session
• One technical scoping session
• Platform recommendation, across Make, n8n and Zapier
• Up to 3 automated workflows, built and tested
• Connections to the apps those workflows need
• Error handling and failure alerts
• Documentation of what each workflow does
• One 1-hour training session, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and one project management meeting
• Internal project handover
• Six scheduled sessions across the whole project

Comprehensive

£3,995

Everything in Launch, then multi-step automation across the systems a growing operation runs on.

• Everything in the Launch plan
• One business process and scoping session
• Two technical scoping sessions
• Up to 10 automated workflows, built and tested
• Multi-step logic, branching and data mapping between systems
• Scheduled and event-driven triggers
• Error handling, retries and failure alerts across every workflow
• A test environment, so changes are proved before they go live
• Monitoring and a handover run-book
• Three 1-hour training sessions, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and two project management meetings
• Internal project handover
• Eleven scheduled sessions across the whole project

Bespoke

£7,995

Ideal for bigger teams, where automation crosses departments and the systems either side of it are business critical.

• Everything in the Comprehensive plan
• Two business process and scoping sessions, covering every team the automation touches
• Up to 4 technical scoping sessions
• Up to 20 automated workflows, built and tested
• Custom API integrations where no ready-made connector exists
• Webhooks and middleware between systems that do not speak to each other
• Data transformation and validation between systems
• Approval and escalation workflows
• Monitoring, alerting and a documented recovery process
• Six 1-hour training sessions, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and four project management meetings
• Internal project handover
• Nineteen scheduled sessions across the whole project

Managed service

From £250 a month

Most of the real CRM work happens after go-live.

Updates, data maintenance, automation tweaks, new team members, changing processes. Buying hours for all of it is inefficient. A fixed monthly managed service covers it properly - and keeps the momentum going rather than waiting for the next project to be commissioned.

• Monitoring, so a broken workflow is found before it is missed
• Fixes when an app changes its API or a credential expires
• Further workflows as the process changes
• Changes to existing workflows as the systems either side of them move on
• Connections to new apps as the stack grows
• Error handling and alerting improvements
• Platform cost review, since task and operation pricing rewards efficient builds
• Regular review of what is worth automating next

What people usually connect

CRM to accounting

Deal to invoice, customer sync and payment status, most often Pipedrive or HubSpot with Xero or QuickBooks.

CRM to Slack or Teams

Lead notifications, deal alerts and approval workflows, so the team sees what matters without living in the CRM.

Website to CRM

Form submissions routed to the right owner, with lead scoring and alerts.

E-commerce to CRM

Customer sync, order automation and segmentation, most often Shopify or WooCommerce.

ERP to CRM

Customer data, finance workflows and operational reporting across the two systems.

Documents and e-signature

Quotes and contracts generated from CRM data, sent for signature and filed on the record.

ActiveCampaign Implementation Programmes

Three project-price ActiveCampaign implementation plans, from one team getting started to a multi-team rollout. All prices exclude VAT.

ActiveCampaign carries marketing automation and a sales CRM in one place, so these plans cover the contacts, lists and automations alongside the deal pipeline rather than treating them as separate projects.

Every session in a plan is counted, so the meetings are a known quantity rather than an open diary. Anything beyond the sessions listed is agreed as extra before it is booked, and anything larger or more unusual than the Bespoke plan is scoped in a full session first and priced from what that finds.

Implementation ends. The work after it does not, so a fourth automation, next quarter's campaigns or another integration is far better handled on the managed service retainer than bought one piece at a time. We recommend starting it the month a plan goes live.

Launch

£1,495

A working ActiveCampaign for a team whose marketing and follow-up is already reasonably settled.

• One business process and scoping session
• One technical scoping session
• Account setup, including sending domain authentication and site tracking
• Contact import, with the lists, tags and custom fields behind it
• Up to 3 automations
• Up to 3 email templates
• Up to 3 forms
• One 1-hour training session, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and one project management meeting
• Internal project handover
• Six scheduled sessions across the whole project

Comprehensive

£3,995

Everything in Launch, then the segmentation, scoring and reporting depth a growing marketing and sales team needs.

• Everything in the Launch plan
• One business process and scoping session
• Two technical scoping sessions
• Up to 10 automations
• Up to 10 email templates
• Up to 10 forms and the lists behind them
• Deal pipelines configured, with their stages
• Lead scoring built to your qualification rules
• A segmentation and tagging structure the team can keep to
• Up to 6 custom reports and one shared dashboard
• Deliverability setup, with one review session
• Three 1-hour training sessions, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and two project management meetings
• Internal project handover
• Eleven scheduled sessions across the whole project

Bespoke

£7,995

Ideal for bigger teams, where marketing, sales and retention each need their own automations, permissions and reporting.

• Everything in the Comprehensive plan
• Two business process and scoping sessions, covering every team that will use ActiveCampaign
• Up to 4 technical scoping sessions
• Up to 20 automations
• Up to 20 email templates
• Up to 20 forms and the lists behind them
• Multi-team deal pipelines and permissions
• Lifecycle automation across marketing, sales and retention
• Up to 12 custom reports and up to 3 shared dashboards
• Up to 3 integrations with systems you already use
• Deliverability setup across brands or sending domains, with one review session
• Six 1-hour training sessions, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and four project management meetings
• Internal project handover
• Nineteen scheduled sessions across the whole project

Managed service

From £250 a month

Most of the real CRM work happens after go-live.

Updates, data maintenance, automation tweaks, new team members, changing processes. Buying hours for all of it is inefficient. A fixed monthly managed service covers it properly - and keeps the momentum going rather than waiting for the next project to be commissioned.

• Further automations, built and tested as the process changes
• Campaign builds and email template changes
• Deal pipeline and stage changes as the way you sell moves on
• List, tag, segment and custom field changes
• Lead scoring changes as the qualification rules move on
• Forms and landing page changes
• New reports and dashboards as the questions leaders ask change
• Deliverability monitoring, and sending domain changes
• Data import, mapping, cleaning and de-duplication
• Integrations with the rest of your stack
• Technical troubleshooting, escalated to ActiveCampaign's own support where it needs to be
• Refresher training for new starters, and on the features you have not turned on yet
• Regular review of how ActiveCampaign is being used and what to change next

FlowFlex Custom Platform Packages

FlowFlex is Flowbird's own platform for custom business systems, built with Supabase and React. It is the route to take when a standard CRM is close but not quite right, and a traditional software project is more weight than the problem deserves.

Three project-price build plans, plus a discovery sprint for businesses not ready to commit to a build. All prices exclude VAT.

A FlowFlex platform is a build plus a monthly site licence, so read the two together rather than the build price on its own. The licence keeps the platform running; the managed service retainer is where continued development sits once it is live.

Every session in a plan is counted, so the meetings are a known quantity rather than an open diary. Anything beyond the sessions listed is agreed as extra before it is booked, and anything larger than the Bespoke plan is scoped in a full session first and priced from what that finds.

Discovery Sprint

£995

Workshops, planning and a roadmap, before committing to a build. Ends with a clear picture of what the first useful version should do.

• Two process mapping workshops
• Wireframes for the core screens
• A written roadmap and a first-version scope
• A recommendation, including when FlowFlex is not the right fit

Launch

£3,995

A focused first version, with the records, users and workflows the team needs on day one.

• One business process and scoping session
• One technical scoping session
• Login, roles and permissions
• Core records and the relationships between them
• Up to 3 workflows
• Up to 3 screens or forms
• One reporting dashboard
• One 1-hour training session, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and one project management meeting
• Internal project handover
• Six scheduled sessions across the whole project

Comprehensive

£9,995

Everything in Launch, then the scheduling, tracking and reporting depth an operational system needs.

• Everything in the Launch plan
• One business process and scoping session
• Two technical scoping sessions
• Up to 10 workflows
• Up to 10 screens or forms
• Scheduling or operational tracking, built to your process
• Up to 6 reports and one shared dashboard
• One integration with a system you already use
• Role-based permissions and record visibility rules
• Three 1-hour training sessions, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and two project management meetings
• Internal project handover
• Eleven scheduled sessions across the whole project

Bespoke

From £19,999

Ideal for bigger teams, where several departments each need their own workflows, permissions and reporting.

• Everything in the Comprehensive plan
• Two business process and scoping sessions, covering every team that will use the platform
• Up to 4 technical scoping sessions
• Up to 20 workflows
• Up to 20 screens or forms
• Multi-team permissions and record visibility rules
• Up to 12 reports and up to 3 shared dashboards
• Up to 3 integrations with systems you already use
• A customer or supplier portal
• Six 1-hour training sessions, plus one admin user configuration and training session
• One project kick-off call and four project management meetings
• Internal project handover
• Nineteen scheduled sessions across the whole project

FlowFlex site licence

£500 to £3,000 a month

Every FlowFlex platform runs on a monthly site licence alongside the build. Where you land in the range depends on how many users the platform carries, and how much of it there is.

• Hosting and infrastructure
• Platform updates and security patching
• Backups and monitoring
• Support for the platform itself

Managed service

From £250 a month

Most of the real CRM work happens after go-live.

Updates, data maintenance, automation tweaks, new team members, changing processes. Buying hours for all of it is inefficient. A fixed monthly managed service covers it properly - and keeps the momentum going rather than waiting for the next project to be commissioned.

• New workflows and screens as the operation changes
• Reporting and dashboard changes as the questions leaders ask change
• Further integrations with the rest of your stack
• User onboarding, permissions and record visibility as the team grows
• Data import, mapping, cleaning and de-duplication
• Refresher training for new starters
• Regular review of how the platform is being used and what to build next

Ready-to-Go Modules

Estate Agency

Property records, viewing diary, offers, sales progression, compliance and matching.

Training Courses

Course scheduling, trainers, venues, learners, attendance, certificates and reminders.

Recruitment Agency

Candidates, clients, jobs, applications, interviews, matching and placement tracking.